Friday, May 25, 2012

Kinds of Sentences "III" - Complex


COMPLEX SENTENCE

A complex sentence is a sentence which consists of a independent clause and at least a dependent clause which is introduced by subordinator (because, so that, who, etc).

Pattern:
                         
CS = IP + subordinator + DP
                                                                                                            
{IP/DP    =       S + P or S + P + O/C}

in which,
CS    =    Compound Sentence
IP      =    Independent Clause
DP    =    Dependent Clause
S       =    Subject
P       =    Predicate (verb)
O      =    Object
C      =    Complement


Examples of Simple Sentences:

ü      He didn’t like a girl who made him hurt.
ü      I love you so that I give you this present.
ü      She was writing a letter when I read a book.
ü      Anita is so sad because she looses her wallet.
ü      The only that thing that can help us in finishing this subject.
ü      I don’t remember where I put my hand phone which I got from my father on my birthday.
ü      My uncle doesn’t know about it since nobody tells the story because he is too busy with his job.

Kinds of Sentences "II" - Compound


COMPOUND SENTENCE

A compound sentence is a sentence which consists of two or more independent clauses which are joined by a sentence connector or a coordinating conjunction.  

Pattern:
                         
CS = IP + connector + IP
or                                                                                                         
CS = IP + coordinating conjunction + IP

{IP    =    S + P or S + P + O/C}

in which,
CS    =    Compound Sentence
IP      =    Independent Clause
S       =    Subject
P       =    Predicate (verb)
O      =    Object
C      =    Complement


Examples of Simple Sentences:

ü      Anita is so sad; therefore, she cries.
ü      I love you, so I give you this present.
ü      She wrote a letter, and I read a magazine.
ü      He didn’t like it, but Belinda liked it so much.
ü      My uncle doesn’t know about it; moreover, he can’t believe it.
ü      You are good at English; in addition, you can speak English well.
ü      They were flying to the moon, and they were enjoying the unusual atmosphere.
ü      Anna always feels bored in the class; besides, she never cares about the lesson.


Kinds of Sentences "I" Simple


SIMPLE SENTENCE

A simple sentence is a sentence which at least consists of a subject and a predicate. On the other hand, we can say that a simple sentence is an independent clause because it can stand alone and it expresses a complete thought.


Pattern:
              

SS = S + P
or
SS = S + P + O/C



in which,
SS     =    Simple Sentence
S       =    Subject
P       =    Predicate (verb)
O      =    Object
C      =    Complement


Examples of Simple Sentences:

ü      She cries.
ü      I love you.
ü      He didn’t like it.
ü      She wrote a letter
ü      You are good at English.
ü      They were flying to the moon.
ü      My uncle doesn’t know about it.
ü      The birds are singing beautifully
ü      Anna always feels bored in the class.
ü      Mario laughed loudly yesterday morning.
ü      We have live in Bali since the first of January.

Sunday, May 20, 2012

Expression "III" - Idioms





IDIOM



Idiom is a group of words with a meaning that is different from the meaning of all the individual words




o       act like an ape behave badly, wildly, foolishly

o       bark up the wrong tree choose the wrong course of action
o       cash cow a good way to make money
o       clear as bell to be understood clearly. 
o       copycat someone who copies another person’s work
o       monkey business unethical or bad activity, mischief
o       day to day it's part of the usual daily routine.
o       drawn a blank you get no response when you ask for something, or get no results when you search for something.
o       raining cats and dogs raining very hard
o       a roller coaster if it involves many emotional highs and lows, or really good times alternating with really difficult times.
o       a white lie you say something that isn't true in order to be polite or so as not to hurt someone's feelings.
o       under the weather you're not feeling well.
o       weather a storm you survive a dangerous event or deal with a difficult situation.
o       change your tune you change your opinion about something or your attitude towards someone.
o       go with the flow you relax and go along with whatever is happening.
o       one in a million an exceptionally good person.
o       once in a blue moon it happens very rarely.
o       a slip of the tangue you make a small mistake when speaking.
o       easy on the eye it is pleasant to look at.
o       face to face they meet in person in the real world.
o       keep on your word you do what you promised to do.
o       kill time you do something to amuse yourself while waiting for something.

 


Friday, May 18, 2012

Expression "II" - Similes

SIMILE


A simile is a figure of speech that is used to compare two unlike things.




SIMILE
(to be) as adjective as something

MEANING
as cold as ice
very cold
as flat as a pancake
completely flat
as light as a feather
very light
as sharp as a knife
very sharp
as white as snow
pure white


SIMILE
(to be) like something

MEANING
like a rose
beautiful
like a volcano
explosive
like golddust
precious
like a dream
wonderful, incredible
like stars
bright and beautiful


SIMILE
(verb) like something

MEANING
to eat like a bird
to eat very little
to fight like cats and dogs
to fight fiercely
to sleep like a log
to sleep well and soundly
to soar like an eagle
to fly high and free
to work like a dog
to work very hard



Thursday, May 17, 2012

Expression "I" - Proverbs

PROVERBS

Proverb is the well-known phrase or sentence that states the truth or gives advise. 


PROVERB
MEANING

Empty vessels make the most noise

Those people who have a little knowledge usually talk the most and make the greatest fuss.


An idle brain is the devil's workshop

One who has nothing to do will be tempted to do many mischievous acts.


Better late than never

To do something that is right, profitable, or good a little late is still better than not doing it at all. 


A bird in hand is worth two in the bush


Something that one already has is better than going after something seemingly more worthwhile that one may not be able to get.


Eat to live, but do not live to eat

Man was created for a divine purpose and he has a destiny with his Creator - he was not born just to enjoy food.


Any time means no time

When an event is not decided on or planned earlier it will never take place.


Eat to live, but do not live to eat

Man was created for a divine purpose and he has a destiny with his Creator - he was not born just to enjoy food.


All that glitters is not gold

Do not be deceived by things or offers that appear to be attractive.


Don’t judge a book by its cover

It is dangerous to judge someone by appearance.


Distance makes the heart grow fonder.


When you are separated from the person you love, your feelings are even stronger.

Sunday, May 13, 2012

Reading "III" - A Narrative Text


Clever Alice
Once upon a time there was a rich man who had a daughter, who was called “Clever Alice”. When she was grown up, her father said, “We must see about her marrying.” “Yes,” replied her mother, “whenever a young man shall appear who is worthy of her.”
One day, an honest youth, by name Hans, came from a distance to make a proposal of marriage but he required one condition, that the Clever Alice should be very prudent. “Oh,” said her father, “no fear of that! She has got a head full of brains;” and the mother added, “Ah, she can see the wind blow up the street, and hear the flies cough!” “Very well,” replied Hans; “but remember, if she is not very prudent, I will not take her.” Soon afterwards they sat down to dinner in the dinning room, and her mother said, “Alice, go down into the cellar and draw some beer.”
Clever Alice took the jug and went into the cellar. As soon as she got downstairs, she drew a stool and placed it before the cask, in order that she might not have to stoop, for she thought stooping might in some way injure her back, and give it an undesirable bend. Then she placed the can before her and turned the tap, and while the beer was running, as she did not wish her eyes to be idle, she looked about upon the wall above and below. Presently she perceived, after much peeping into this corner and that corner, a hatchet sticking out of the ceiling right above her head. At the sight of this Clever Alice began to cry, saying, “Oh! if I marry Hans, and we have a cute child, and he grows up, and we send him into the cellar to draw beer, the hatchet will fall upon his head and kill him;” and so she sat there weeping with all her might over the impending misfortune.
Clever Alice did not come, her mother told the maid to see Alice. The maid went down and found Alice crying heartily. She sat beside Alice.  
Upstairs they were still waiting but the maid didn’t return, and Alice’s father asked his wife to see why Alice stays so long. At the cellar, she asked, “Alice, what are you weeping about?”. Alice told her about the prediction of her child after marrying with Hans in which the hatchet may inevitably fall upon the head of her son. Then she likewise exclaimed, “Oh, what a clever Alice we have!” and, sitting down, began to weep as much as any of the rest for the misfortune.
Alice’s father felt so thirsty so that he went to the cellar. When he heard the reason, he also exclaimed, “Oh, what a clever Alice we have!” and sat down to cry with the whole strength of his lungs.
Nobody returned, Hans went down to see what the matter. When he entered, “What misfortune has happened?” he asked. “Ah, dear Hans!” cried Alice, “if you and I should marry one another, and have a child, and he grow up, and we, perhaps, send him down to this cellar to tap the beer, the hatchet which has been left sticking up there may fall on his head, and so kill him: and do you not think this is enough to weep about?” “Now,” said Hans, “more prudence than this is not necessary for my housekeeping; because you are such a clever Alice, I will have you for my wife.” Then they celebrated the wedding a month later.
One morning Hans went to work and Alice went into the field to gather some corn wherewith to make bread. She brought a nice mess of pottage that she cooked, and then she said to herself, “What shall I do? Shall I cut first, or eat first? I will eat first!” Then she ate up the contents of her pot, and when it was finished, she thought to herself, “Now, shall I reap first or sleep first? Well, I think I will have a nap!” and so she laid herself down amongst the corn, and went to sleep.
Hans returned home, but Alice did not come, and so he said, “Oh, what a prudent Alice I have! She is so industrious that she does not even come home to eat anything.” By-and-by, however, evening came on, and still she did not return; so Hans went out to see how much she had reaped; but, behold, nothing at all, and there lay Alice fast asleep among the corn! He ran very fast to his house, and then he went back to the field and brought a net with little bells hanging on it, which he threw over her head while she still slept on. When he had done this, he went back again and shut to the house-door, and, seating himself on his stool, began working very industriously.
It was nearly dark, the Clever Alice awoke, and as soon as she stood up, the net fell all over her hair, and the bells jingled at every step she took. This ridiculousness frightened her, she began to doubt whether she was really Clever Alice or not, and said to herself, “Am I she, or am I not?”; this was a question she could not answer, then she stood still a long while considering about it. At last she thought she would go home and ask whether she were really herself—supposing somebody would be able to tell her. When she came to the house-door it was shut; so she tapped at the window, and asked, “Hans, is Alice within?”. “Yes,” he replied, “she is.” At which answer she became really terrified, and exclaiming, “Ah, heaven, then I am not Alice!”. She ran up to another house, intending to ask the same question. But as soon as the folks within heard the jingling of the bells in her net, they refused to open their doors, and nobody would receive her. After that she ran straight away from the village, and no one has ever seen her since.

Reading "II" - A Descriptive Text (place)


Emma’s Garden

Emma’s garden t is the most unique garden in our city. It is more beautiful than mine. I really admire the beauty of it.
It is a small garden which is placed behind her house. The fresh air can be breathed there because it is a clean garden. The garden is surrounded by colourful roses. There are four rows of roses which form circles. In the first row, the white roses are placed and it is the innermost circle. The red roses are in the second row and the third row is filled by yellow roses. The last row which forms the largest circle is the place where the pink roses are planted. Its decoration creates a nice view.
She has four rabbits so that in every corner outside the rows of roses, there are small houses for her rabbits. In front of each rabbit’s house there is a mini carrot garden so that the rabbits can eat the carrot if they are hungry. The rabbits love to play with the other rabbits and also whoever visits the garden. Therefore, they will not make damage in the garden because they are very friendly rabbits.
In the morning, Emma’s bird always sings beautifully. The bird is placed in the golden cage which is hanged in the mango tree. This mango tree is on the north which is between the rabbit houses. It seems peaceful because of its amazing voice.
A tall white lamp is the centre of the rose circles. The lamp looks like a mini umbrella with a long stick. She puts a round table and four chairs under the lamp so that the stick of the lamp is stuck in the center of the table. To enjoy the spare time, in the evening, Emma with her family sit to share everything in the garden.
The nice atmosphere makes it becomes a wonderful garden. That’s why Emma’s garden always becomes the winner of the garden contest which is celebrated each year.

Friday, May 11, 2012

Reading "I" - A Procedure Text


How to Make a Glass of Milk

            Milk is good for our body because it contains of calcium that can keep our healthy body.  Actually, it’s very easy to make milk so that we can make in instantly in a short time. In this way, the first thing that you have to do is making preparation that will be continued to the second one which is doing the steps of making a glass of milk.
            At first, you have to prepare a glass as the place of the milk. Then you take two spoonfuls of powder or liquid milk or more as much as you need. And don’t forget that hot water is important to use in it.
            Let’s go on to the next part. Here you have to follow the steps of making a glass of milk. Firstly, boil the water! At the moment, you put two spoonful of milk into the glass. After the boiling water is ready, pour it into the glass in which the milk is put. At last, stir it well.
            Your milk is ready to drink


  


Preparation:
  • a glass 
  • two spoonful of powder or liquid milk
  • hot water

Steps:
  • biol water
  • put two spoonful of milk into a glass
  • put the boiling water into the glass
  • stir it




TENSES "III" - Future Tenses


1. Simple Future Tense

a.      Nominal Sentence

Positive Sentence
S + shall/will + be + …
I/We + shall + be + …
You/They/We/He/She/It + will + be + …



Negative Sentence
S + shall/will + not + be + …
I/We + shall + not + be + …
You/They/We/He/She/It + will + not + be + …



Interrogative Sentence
Shall/Will + S + be + …?
Shall + I/we + be + …?

Will + you/they/we/he/she/it + be + …?


 b.     Verbal Sentence

Positive Sentence
S + shall/will + VI + …
I/We + shall + VI + …
You/They/We/He/She/It + will + VI + …



Negative Sentence
S + shall/will + not + VI + …
I/We + shall + not + VI + …
You/They/We/He/She/It + will +  not + VI + …



Interrogative Sentence
Shall/Will + S + VI + …?
Shall + I/we + VI + …?
Will + you/they/we/he/she/it + VI + …?




2. Future Continuous Tense

Positive Sentence
S + shall/will + be + VI(ing) + …
I/We + shall + be + VI(ing) + …
You/They/We/He/She/It + will + be + VI(ing) + …



Negative Sentence
S + shall/will + not + be + VI(ing) + …
I/We + shall + not + be + VI(ing) + …
You/They/We/He/She/It + will + not + be + VI(ing) + …



Interrogative Sentence
Shall/Will + S + be + VI(ing) + …?
Shall + I/we + be + VI(ing) + …?
Will + you/they/we/he/she/it + be + VI(ing) + …?




3. Future Perfect Tense

a.    Nominal Sentence

Positive Sentence
S + shall/will/ + have + been + …
I/We + shall + have + been + …
You/They/he/She/It + will + have + been + …



Negative Sentence
S + shall/will/ + not + have + been + …
I/We + shall + not + have + been + …
You/They/he/She/It + will + not + have + been + …



Interrogative Sentence
Shall/Will + S + have + been + …?
Shall + I/we + have + been + …?
Will + you/they/he/she/it + have + been + …?


 b.      Verbal Sentence

Positive Sentence
S + shall/will/ + have + VIII + …
I/We + shall + have + VIII + …
You/They/he/She/It + will + have + VIII + …



Negative Sentence
S + shall/will/ + not + have + VIII + …
I/We + shall + not + have + VIII + …
You/They/he/She/It + will + not + have + VIII + …



Interrogative Sentence
Shall/Will + S + have + VIII + …?
Shall + I/We + have + VIII + …?
Will + you/they/he/she/it + have + VIII + …?




4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Positive Sentence
S + shall/will + have been + VI(ing) + …
I/We + shall + have been + VI(ing) + …
You/They/He/She/It + will + have been + VI(ing) + …



Negative Sentence
S + shall/will + not + have been + VI(ing) + …
I/We + shall + not + have been + VI(ing) + …
You/They/He/She/It + will + not + have been + VI(ing) + …



Interrogative Sentence
Shall/Will + S + have been + VI(ing) + …?
Shall + I/We + have been + VI(ing) + …?
Will + you/they/he/she/it + have been + VI(ing) + …?